Alexander Wallace Matheson (June 11, 1903 – March 3, 1976) was a Prince Edward Island politician.

He was first elected to the provincial legislature in 1940 as a Liberal, representing the district of 2nd Queens.

Matheson became minister of health and welfare in the government of Premier J. Walter Jones in 1948 and succeeded Jones as premier and attorney-general in 1953.

His government was defeated in the 1959 election but remained Liberal Party leader until 1965 when he retired from politics.

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