Alexandrina Matilda MacPhail, OBE (3 June 1860 – 6 November 1946) was a Scottish doctor who graduated from the London School of Medicine for Women.

During the First World War, she also worked for the Scottish Women's Hospitals for Foreign Service as a doctor in Serbia and France.

[3] MacPhail founded a permanent dispensary and clinic in her home in Madras during 1888, primarily focussing on health care for women and children.

These additional funds allowed for the clinic to be expanded and a fully fledged mission, Rainy Hospital, was opened in 1914[6] by Lord Pentland.

[7] During The Great War, MacPhail travelled to Serbia as a doctor and worked for the French under the auspices of the SWH at a sanatorium in Haute Savoie.