From September 1920 to October 1921, he was a private in the 1st Turkestan Volunteer Detachment of the Bukhara Red Army.

On 16 July 1938, Berdyev was elected as the Second Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Turkmenistan and served in the position until 20 August 1940.

He was elected as Chairman of the Supreme Soviet of the Turkmen SSR on 24 July 1938; just eight days after becoming the Second Secretary.

After serving as Chairman of the Supreme Soviet of the Turkmen SSR, Berdyev was elected as the Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Turkmen SSR on 26 January 1942 and served in the position until 6 March 1948.

Allaberdy Berdyev passed away on 3 February 1964 after suffering from an illness in Ashgabat, Turkmen SSR, Soviet Union.