Allobates femoralis is a small frog, the males growing to 28 to 33 mm (1.1 to 1.3 in) in length and the females being marginally larger.

Its geographical range includes Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana and Brazil, and the eastern parts of Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia.

The males are territorial and court females for two to three days before a clutch of eight to seventeen eggs is laid in a nest among fallen leaves.

He then leads her to the oviposition site, which is always covered, and the female lays clutches of eggs between dead leaves or beneath a log.

However, females sometimes demand prolonged courtship for the following reasons: verification of male's territory ownership, ovulation stimulation, and benefit of spatial learning and finding clutches in case of mate loss.

Females display their visual signal through repetitive passing of their arms and legs over their bellies during the courtship march.

On the other hand, males have wider range of visual signals: throat display, limb lifting, circling, and leg stretching.

As the male guides the female through his territory, he shows his various visual signals through inflating his vocal sax without vocalizing, moving him arm or leg up-and-down rapidly, pivoting around his own axis, and stretching his legs and showing the orange patches of his thighs.

[6] Being known for their complex behavior and diverse reproductive and parental care strategies, A. femoralis is especially known for their fine-scale space use of the non-territorial females who do not engage in acoustic and visual displays.

Female movement and space use is significantly influenced by the following factors: subsequent mating event and reproductive behavior, temperature, and cumulative rainfall.

In terms of subsequent mating event and reproductive behavior, there is a significant increase in female movement in the afternoons of courtship initiation days when the male calling activity is at its peak.

The environmental temperature affects the frog's physiological function and influences the female's behaviors and actions accordingly.

Increased travel distances on days with courtship and mating suggest that reproductive behavior is an important factor in prompting female movement.

Unlike all other reproduction-related behaviors that take place in the male A. femoralis territory, the tadpole development must happen in a water area large and deep enough for metamorphosis to occur completely.

femoralis routinely shuttle tadpoles from terrestrial territories to dispersed aquatic deposition sites, and the transport can take from several hours to days.

Since the time it takes to shuttle tadpoles comes with a cost of losing territories and reproductive opportunities, this activity requires A. femoralis to have strong spatial memory and learning and the ability to use the learning flexibly in terms of processing information about distances and directions, finding new routes in familiar and unfamiliar area, and ultimately navigating themselves and finding the most ideal route for transport.

Failure of homing performance (failing to return to the original male territory) would cause a severe cost in reproductive output due to loss of clutches, Therefore, having good spatial learning and directionality is crucial in A.