[10] The slender cylindrical male contain 5 - 6 catkins,[11] pendulous, reddish and up to 10 cm (4 inches) long;[8] pollination is in early spring, before the leaves emerge.

[11] The small winged seeds disperse by wind and through the winter they ripen, turning from green to dark brown colour, and they open the following spring.

2) In open meadows near rivers, marshy ground and flooding can cause trees to angle or tilt over, whereupon over a matter of seasons they grow natural bends to return the upper trunk to vertical.

[citation needed][13] Alnus cordata is regarded as a desirable candidate for bioremediation due to its presence in an ecosystem being associated with beneficial effects such as increased amounts of organic carbon and nitrogen-rich litter.

[15] The Italian Alder makes a medium to large bonsai, a quick grower it responds well to pruning with branches ramifying well and leaf size reducing quite rapidly.

[16] Researchers analyzed the phenolic composition of the stem bark of A. cordata, they were able to determine that its components were similar to those of skin-whitening and antioxidant properties.