The Alpine mastiff was a type of molosser, or "flock-guardian phenotype" with the same or similar ancestral origins as the Saint Bernard.

It is believed to be the progenitor of the modern English Mastiff,[2] as well as other breeds that derive from these types of dogs or that are closely related.

William Cavendish, 5th Duke of Devonshire, is believed to have bred Alpine mastiffs at Chatsworth House.

It was earlier thought that ears of the Alpine mastiffs were cut to prevent them becoming frost bitten.

[5] Inevitably, these dogs filtered through to the wider population and the original variety dwindled in its pure form.