Amédée Marie Vincent Borrel (1 August 1867 – 14 September 1936) was a French physician and microbiologist born in Cazouls-lès-Béziers, Hérault.

Borrel studied natural sciences and medicine at the University of Montpellier, where he earned his degree in 1890.

From 1892 to 1895, Borrel worked in the laboratory of Ilya Ilyich Metchnikoff (1845–1916) at the Pasteur Institute in Paris.

Here he performed research of tuberculosis, and with Alexandre Yersin (1863–1943) and Léon Charles Albert Calmette (1863–1933), he worked on a vaccine against bubonic plague.

With Yersin and Calmette, he co-published the treatise Le microbe de la peste à bubons concerning the plague bacillus.