Amal Bayou (Arabic: أمل بايو, romanized: 'amal bayu; c. 1957/1959 – 24 October 2017) was a Libyan microbiologist and politician who served in the House of Representatives from 2014 until her death in 2017.

Bayou was a prominent advocate for women's rights and social change in Libya, and was considered to be an "extremely popular" politician in the country.

At some point, Bayou returned to Libya, becoming a professor of microbiology at the University of Benghazi in 1995; she held this position until her death in 2017.

[4][5] The House of Representatives, which was one of two major factions in the Second Libyan Civil War – fighting against the Government of National Accord – controlled eastern Libya and met in the city of Benghazi.

[9] Later in 2015, when al-Thani offered his resignation to the House of Representatives due to the worsening situation in the country, Bayou stated that his government was weak and had been a "failure", and that he was "incompetent".