Amanita rubrovolvata

lutea A. gemmata A. farinosa A. sinensis A. subfrostiana A. frostiana A. pantherina A. subglobosa The species was first described scientifically by Japanese mycologist Sanshi Imai in 1939, based on various collections made in Japan during 1933–38.

[8][9][10] The specific epithet rubrovolvata is derived from the Latin words ruber ("red"), and the adjective volvatus ("closely sheathed").

The cap surface is densely covered with red to orange to yellow, powdery to granular remnants of the volva.

The bulb at the base of the stem is roughly spherical, and 1–2 cm (1⁄2–3⁄4 in) wide, with its upper part covered with red, orange to yellow woolly to powdery remnants of the volva.

The sterigmata (slender extensions at the basidial tips that attach to the spores) are 3–4 μm long, and clamps are not found on the bases of basidia.

[17] The original Japanese collections were made in forests dominated by Japanese beech (Fagus crenata),[3] but it has also been found growing near Quercus luecotrichophora, Rhododendron arboreum, and Myrica esculenta in India,[13] in Castanopsis-Schima forest in Nepal,[18] and in Castanopsis indica plantations in the Himalayas.

[18] The species occurs in China, northern India,[19] Nepal,[18] Gharwal Himalaya,[13] South Korea,[20] and countries of Southeast Asia (for example, Thailand).

[22] Other biochemical changes reported in mice, after peritoneal injection of fruit body extract, include decreases in the activity of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase and reduced levels of liver glycogen.

In these experiments, values returned to normal six hours after initial injection, suggesting that the poisoning was not serious, and did not affect liver and kidney performance.

Found in Yunnan Province , China
Amanita frostiana