Amorgos is distinguished by the size and quality of the walls surrounding the city of Arkesini, the ancient towers whose remains are scattered around the island, ancient tombs, stone tools, inscriptions, vases and by other antiquities.

[6] Excavations and findings, especially burial tombs, prove the intense presence of Amorgos during the prehistoric years, particularly during the first period of Cycladic civilization (3200 to 2000 BC).

Cycladic sculptures had been discovered from the cemeteries at Aghia Paraskevi, Aghios Pavlos, Dokathismata, Kapros, Kapsala, Nikouria and Stavros.

Part of the island is named Aspis, where the ancient temple of the goddess Aphrodite stood.

In approximately 630 BC, the poet Semonides led the foundation of a Samian colony on Amorgos.

[9] The names of the three cities given by Stephanus Byzantinus are Arkesini, Minoa, Aigiali or Melania which, according to inscriptions, are the most correct.

Aigiali was on the north East Side of the island close to the present day locations of Tholaria and Stroumvos.

Minoa was situated at the center of the northern side near the present day village of Katapola and Arkesini close to the present-day location Kastri.

Heraclides Lembus wrote that the island produced much wine, as well as olive oil and fruits.

On 9 July 1956, a large earthquake occurred that generated a local tsunami of up to 30 m (98 ft).

The island was featured in Luc Besson's film The Big Blue (1988) and "Two tickets to Greece", France, 2023 in which Agia Anna and the monastery of Panagia Hozoviotissa can be seen.

It was built early in the second millennium in order to protect a religious icon, dating from the year 812, from intruders.