The Amphitheatrum Castrense is a Roman amphitheatre in Rome, next to the church of Santa Croce in Gerusalemme.

[1] Both the Amphiteatrum and the Circus Varianus were part of the palatial villa known as the Horti Spei Veteris and later the Palatium Sessorium.

It was part of the Horti Spei Veteris, the Imperial villa complex built by emperors of the Severan dynasty.

In the 18th century, a hypogeum was found beneath the arena, filled with the bones of large animals.

This leads researchers to believe that the spectacles here included venationes, the hunting and killing of wild animals.