Andesiana is a genus representing its own family Andesianidae and superfamily Andesianoidea, the "Andean endemic moths".

These large Microlepidoptera[1] are restricted to Andean South America, from where they were described originally in 1989 in the family Cossidae by their discoverer Patricia Gentili.

The vein "R2" in the hindwing is two-branched, suggesting that the family Andesianidae is basal to the superfamily Nepticulidae, but the way the wings are coupled suggests it had a later origination within the Monotrysia, where it can be placed based on characters of the female reproductive system.

[2] The relationships of Andesiana with representatives of other lepidopteran superfamilies is currently under investigation using DNA sequences [2].

Lepindex [3] accessed March 2007 incorrectly places the species "neurotenes Turner 1932" from Queensland in the genus "Andesiana, Gentili, 1986" of which the database suggests Archaeoses Turner, 1932 (a cossid [4])is a junior subjective synonym.