Theuriet was born at Marly-le-Roi (Seine et Oise), and was educated at Bar-le-Duc in his mother's province of Lorraine.
[1][2] Theuriet studied law in Paris and joined the public service, attaining the rank of chef de bureau, before his retirement during 1886.
He published the Chemin des bois, a volume of poems, many of which had been published already in the Revue des Deux Mondes in 1867; Le bleu et le noir, poèmes de la vie réelle (1874), Nos oiseaux (1886), and other volumes followed.
[1] M. Theuriet gives natural, simple description of rustic and especially of woodland life, and Théophile Gautier compared him to Shakespeare's Jaques of the forest of Arden.
His grandson André Theuriet became a versatile sportsman mostly known as an international rugby union player and swimmer.