Andrew Conway Ivy

He was appointed by the American Medical Association as its representative at the Doctors' Trial, and later fell into disrepute for advocating the fraudulent drug Krebiozen.

The primary challenge in disputing these attempts was the lack of concrete guidelines or written documentation regarding the ethics of human medical experimentation.

After Ivy initially appeared at the Nuremberg courtroom in January 1947 and heard these proceedings, he returned to Illinois and asked Governor Dwight H. Green to establish a committee to assess the ethicality of the prisoner experiments that had taken place at Stateville.

After the trials, Ivy returned to Illinois and wrote a letter to the Green Committee members to share details of his testimony.

The conclusions drawn in the report, which praised the practices taking place in the research at Stateville, denounced all criticism of the work and would encourage it more.

[5] When Ivy testified at the Doctors' Trial, he misrepresented the status of the Green Committee report to strengthen the prosecution’s case.

Key elements of Ivy's principles for human experimentation included the necessity of informed consent, designing and planning experiments based on prior animal research to ensure societal benefit, and conducting experiments exclusively under the supervision of trained professionals to minimize risks of injury or disability to participants.

Ivy's work on the gastrointestinal system led to an influential publication titled Peptic Ulcer, co-authored with Morton Grossman and Bachrach.

His work also resulted in the development of new diagnostic procedures, including the "Ivy bleeding time," used to identify clotting abnormalities.

In research presented at the Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology, Ivy and his team demonstrated that neutral fat in the upper intestine inhibits gastric secretion.