The subsequent description of the experiment in her book, The Shambles of Science (1903) – in which she wrote that the dog had been conscious throughout and in pain – led to a protracted scandal and a libel case, which the accused researcher won.

[9] In 1933, members of the Society's executive council included Sara Blomfield, Charlotte Despard, Douglas S. S. Steuart and Janette Ranken Thesiger.

[10] NC State University Libraries holds a large collection of pamphlets from the Animal Defence and Anti-Vivisection Society.

[5] Lizzy Lind af Hageby and Duchess Nina Douglas-Hamilton both visited slaughterhouses and tested the "humane killer" and criticized the cruelty of the poleaxe.

[16] In 1925, it was reported that the Duchess of Hamilton had witnessed 52 animals being slaughtered in a single afternoon in pursuance of the statutory use of the humane killer.

John Dodds, superintendent of the Carlisle abattoir became an expert adviser to the Society in their campaign for compulsory use of the humane killer.

The Society stated that the hens are imprisoned in the battery system in a confined space with no contact with fresh air and grass.

The humane model abattoir was built on a site covering two acres and planned to deal with 20,000 animals a year.

[22] Duchess Nina Douglas-Hamilton was a vegetarian in her personal life but in 1928 became the head of a humane butcher's shop.