Anis Al-Hujjaj

Written in Persian, it describes the Hajj (the pillar of Islam which is the pilgrimage to Mecca and Medina) undertaken by him in 1677 AD (AH 1088) and it gives advice to pilgrims.

[4] Ibn Vali set out from Delhi in September 1676, reaching the port of Mocha, Yemen in January 1677 and continuing with a caravan of other pilgrims.

[11] The book recommends that travellers should stay close to the main mast and away from the outer side of the deck, in order to avoid sea-sickness.

[1] There are manuscripts of the Anis in the Khalili Collection of Hajj and the Arts of Pilgrimage,[13] in the Royal Armoury in Lucknow,[14] and in the Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Vastu Sangrahalaya in Mumbai.

[1][5] The Khalili exemplar (accession number MSS 1025), thought to originate from Gujarat between 1677 and 1680, consists of 23 folios including nine half-page and eleven full-page illustrations.

[16] The illustrations show ships carrying pilgrims from the port of Surat on the Indian subcontinent, crossing the Sea of Oman, and arriving at Jeddah on the Arabian Peninsula.

[1] The pilgrims converging on Mecca included groups from North Africa, Egypt, Syria, Iran, India and the Arabian Desert; the Anis shows their camps.