[2][3] Growing up in a wealthy family in the district of Östermalm, she received a comprehensive education that included language studies in England and the Netherlands as well as practical training at the Gardening school Åtvidabergs trädgårdsskola.

[1][2] She never married and did not have any children; her main interests being the support of women's rights and the promotion of allotment gardening in Sweden, for which she became an early pioneer together with her close friend Anna Lindhagen.

[9] One of the first allotment gardens that were established in Sweden according to the social reformist ideas that Lindhagen and Åbergsson promoted was Söderbrunns koloniområde in Norra Djurgården, Stockholm, founded in 1905.

[11] In the years that followed, allotment gardening colonies were established among others in Söderbrunn, Stocksund, Tureberg, Bällsta in Bromma, Solna (Bergshamra, Lilla Frösunda and Hagalund), as well as estates Antuna in Sollentuna and Norrby in Västerhaninge.

For the financially trained Åbergsson, allotment gardens did not only provide benefits for the health and nutrition of those who cultivated them but also had economic significance as they offered working-class families and single mothers a place where they could grow their own vegetables and potatoes and invest their money long-term and with immediate, tangible benefit, thereby reducing public spending on health care and poor relief[12]:"Spending time in the garden is of course of extraordinary hygienic importance.

Allotment gardens are valiant warriors in the fight against the two main diseases of our time – tuberculosis and overexerted nerves.” / "Vistelsen i trädgården är naturligtvis av utomordentlig hygienisk betydelse.

Den roliga och hälsosamma arbetsomväxling som medföljer trädgårdsarbetet – antingen det är från verkstadsarbetarens, kontoristens, sömmerskans eller husmoderns arbete – kan ej skattas nog högt.

Koloniträdgårdar äro goda stridsmän i kampen mot våra båda tidssjukdomar – tuberkulos och överansträngda nerver.

Åbergsson sina kolonister, men glömde därvid bort att hon hade med fullväxta personer att göra, ett förhållande som många medlemmar ej ville finna sig i.”[5][15]When allotment gardening in Stockholm came under pressure in the late 1920s and 1930s due to the city's expansion and modernization of residential areas and infrastructure, Anna Åbergsson and Anna Lindhagen were at the forefront of political protest against the pending closure of the colonies, highlighting their social importance for a large part of Stockholm's poorer urban population.