Anna Chmelková (née Blanáriková; born 26 July 1944) is a Slovak former track and field sprinter who competed for Czechoslovakia in the 400 metres.

Born in Špačince, now in the Trnava Region of Slovakia,[1] she took up athletics around 1959, working with coaches Karl Sidley and Jozefa Manu in Bratislava.

The group were part of the athletics section of the Slovan Bratislava sports club, led by Jan Koštial.

[2] She progressed to the final and produced a lifetime best performance of 52.9 seconds to hold off home favourite Antónia Munkácsi by a small margin, with both athletes recording the same time.

[2] At the European Championships she was subject to a new procedure: she had to undergo a sex check by a panel of women doctors, in line with new rules set by the International Amateur Athletic Federation that year.

[4] She failed to defend her national title in 1967, with European indoor medalist Libuše Macounová taking the honour.