Anna Johansdotter Norbäck

The movement was founded in Ångermanland in the 1830s, broke off from the Swedish church in 1854 and lasted until the late 19th century.

The family was poor, and she began work as a servant girl after finishing school and being confirmed at 14 years of age.

She was a successful preacher who gathered her own congregation of followers, preached sermons herself, and met opposing views with hostility.

Norbäck did not like children, excluded them from participating in religious practices and normally preferred them not to be seen, and showed no interest in the parish school; this is considered to have been a reason to why her movement remained a one-generation congregation, which did not last long after her death.

As such, she was opposed to the 1810 revised Luther's Small Catechism, the 1811 liturgical agenda and the 1819 Swedish hymnal, and criticized the Church of Sweden for using them.