Her father purchased the Marquisat of Saint-Germain-lès-Châtres in 1720 and was granted permission by Philippe d'Orléans (Regent for Louis XV), to rename it Saint-Germain-lès-Arpajon, and its seat as Arpajon.

Anne Claude married Philippe de Noailles, Duke of Mouchy, Captain of the Hunts at Versailles, on 27 November 1741.

Her daughter Louise Henriette Charlotte Philippine de Noailles was appointed dame du palais.

In April 1770, she and the rest of the Household of the Dauphine were introduced to Marie Antoinette by her husband Philippe de Noailles in the Pavilion of Kehl at Rhen.

During the ceremony when the new crown princess was handed over from her Austrian to her French entourage, a famous scene allegedly took place, in which Marie Antoinette lost her composure, burst into tears and threw herself into the arms of the countess de Noailles, whose chilly response resulted in her regaining her composure.

[4] As dame d'honneur, Anne de Noailles was responsible for overseeing the behavior of Marie Antoinette and her ladies-in-waiting.

Early on, this role led to discord between de Noailles and Marie Antoinette, who resented the restrictions imposed on her life by court etiquette.

[6] On 25 August 1793, the de Noailles and their daughter were placed under house arrest on their estate in accordance with the decree against potential enemies of the state.

Their other niece, Adrienne, wife of the Marquis de Lafayette, was saved by the intervention of America's Minister to France, James Monroe.