Anomalocarididae[1] (occasionally mis-spelt Anomalocaridae[2]) is an extinct family of Cambrian radiodonts, a group of stem-group arthropods.

[3][4] Around 1990s and early 2010s, Anomalocarididae included all radiodont species, hence the previous equivalent of the common name "anomalocaridid" to the whole Radiodonta.

[5] This is no longer the case after the revision done by Vinther et al. 2014,[3] as Anomalocarididae restricted to only Anomalocaris and, if any, a few of closely related genera since then.

[9] Anomalocarididae distinguished from the similar family Amplectobeluidae (e.g. Amplectobelua, Lyrarapax) by the presence of triradial oral cone[10] and non-hypertrophied first distal endite.

[4] Compared to Hurdiidae and Tamisiocarididae, this two radiodont families shared a lot of characters (i.e. alternated endite length;[11] streamlined body;[12] small head with ovoid sclerites;[13][14] well-developed swimming flaps;[12][13][15] caudal furcae;[12] raptorial predatory lifestyle[16][14][11]) and forming a clade in multiple phylogenetic analysis.