Anson's Bay lies about 120 kilometres (75 mi) south-west of Darwin, on the eastern side of the Joseph Bonaparte Gulf, opening on to the Timor Sea.
The floodplains have been identified as an Important Bird Area (IBA) by BirdLife International because they support large numbers of magpie geese, wandering whistling ducks, pied herons and intermediate egrets.
The adjacent intertidal mudflats of Anson Bay support up to 27,000 waders, or shorebirds, probably including over 1% of the world population of great knots.
[1] The IBA also supports bush stone-curlews, varied lorikeets, rainbow pittas, white-gaped and bar-breasted honeyeaters, silver-crowned friarbirds and canary white-eyes.
[2] The Peron Islands at the northern end of the bay seasonally support up to 15,000 white-winged terns.