Antônio Carlos Ribeiro de Andrada

While the stories of José Bonifácio and Martim Francisco are well documented, the life, career and trajectory of Antônio Carlos Ribeiro de Andrada Machado e Silva are quite nebulous.

[2] Antônio Carlos was born in Santos in 1773, his parents were Maria Bárbara da Silva and Bonifácio José Ribeiro de Andrada.

The typography had as its main associate the naturalist and friar José Mariano da Conceição Veloso, who was immensely concerned with propagating practical and useful knowledge.

2); Proposals for Forming by Subscription in the Metropolis of the British Empire a Public Institution (1799); Candid and impartial considerations on the nature of the sugar trade, and comparative importance of the British and French isles of the West Indies, in which value is established, and consequences of the islands of Santa Luzia, and Grenada (1800); and Treatise on the Improvement of Canal Navigation by Roberto Fulton (1800).

[2] The production and organization of the typography was part of the political and scientific reformist program that Rodrigo de Sousa Coutinho, the Count of Linhares created to bring together scholars from Portugal, who may or may not have been born in the metropolis, in order to promote the modernization of the Empire.

Both were appointed by the Minister of the Navy and Overseas, Rodrigo de Souza Coutinho, to then assume positions considered important for the administration of the Portuguese Empire in its centrality, to then apply, in an efficient and firm way, the current reformist policy.

[5] Antônio Carlos also had an openly slave-owning discourse and, in his speech, he stressed "soft" slavery in Brazil; while commenting on the Haitian Revolution he stated:[6] "How ignorant they believe us [to be] so that we receive insults and offenses as a gift!

The Court reacted violently against the members of the Pernambuco Revolut, promoting strong repression that ended up causing the arrest and conviction of hundreds of people.

The text that guided their work had no separatist intention, in fact, it believed in the indissolubility of the relationship between Brazil and Portugal, ensuring equality of representation between the general and ordinary courts.

[2] The position that Antônio Carlos occupied in the Portuguese courts was in line with the interests of the elite, which he was a part of and for which constitutionalist ideologies should not weaken the fullness of the Luso-Brazilian Empire.

"[2] Antônio Carlos then refused to sign the Portuguese constitution approved by the Cortes, and returned to Brazil at the same time in which the process of Brazilian independence began to take place.

He "played a fundamental role in the first conclave of the founders of the Empire-Nation: the Constituent Assembly of 1823, destined to clash with authoritarian feelings, in contradiction with the libertarian ideas of Pedro I, liberator and popular dictator in a quasi-Roman, Caesarist posture.

"[8] Although always faithful to liberalism, Antônio Carlos became increasingly pragmatic and less doctrinaire, preferring to choose to recognize the limits of his adaptation:[8] "Brazil's cause is the same as that of the constitutional monarchy, which alone can hold us to the edges of the abyss of revolutions that crazy innovators tend to plunge us into...

I will always be a decided enemy of those who, against the nature of the causes, against experience, want to derail the public opinion in Brazil with republican dreams and chimeras, and for the sake of their precarious fortune to wade rivers of blood, to reach a goal they will never achieve.

[2] For his ideas to continue to advance, Antônio Carlos joined his brothers José Bonifácio and Martim Francisco to create the periodical O Tamoyo in 1823.

On 21 July 1840 he presented a law project in the Chamber of Deputies that declared the Emperor "an adult since now", which resulted in a political crisis and later the so-called "majority coup".

Imprisonment of Antônio Carlos, by Antônio Parreiras
Antônio Carlos, by Miguelzinho Dutra