The lateral grey column is only present in the thoracic region and upper lumbar segments (T1-L2).

It is separated from the surface of the spinal cord by a layer of white substance which is traversed by the bundles of the anterior nerve roots.

[2] Damage to these cell bodies can lead to severe muscle weakness and loss of reflexes, and is also associated with ALS.

The function of the spinal dorsal horn is to process and integrate sensory information from the peripheral nervous system.

It receives inputs from primary afferent fibers and modulatory systems, and it projects to higher brain centers and motor neurons.

The dorsal horn circuitry is involved in various aspects of sensory processing, including discrimination, integration, and modulation of nociceptive and non-nociceptive signals.

Dysfunction of the dorsal horn circuitry has been implicated in chronic pain conditions and other neurological disorders.

[13] The function of the spinal dorsal horn is to process and integrate sensory information from the peripheral nervous system.

It receives inputs from primary afferent fibers and modulatory systems, and it projects to higher brain centers and motor neurons.

The dorsal horn circuitry is involved in various aspects of sensory processing, including discrimination, integration, and modulation of nociceptive and non-nociceptive signals.

Dysfunction of the dorsal horn circuitry has been implicated in chronic pain conditions and other neurological disorders.

[15] The NTS receives cardio-respiratory inputs and affects reflex tachycardia from noxious stimulation.

The four main morphological classes, based on the shape of their dendritic structure, are islet, central, vertical, and radial cells.

[13] The layers receive input from lamina II and also control pain, temperature, and crude touch.

The lateral grey column contains preganglionic cell bodies of the autonomic nervous system and sensory relay neurons.

Neurons in the anterior column have been shown to be affected by amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).

The posterior column has a prominent role in the pain system, it is the first central relay in the nociceptive pathway.

Sensory nociceptive neurons have a small receptive field to help pinpoint the exact location of a stimulus.

These signals go to the limbic system and tell the body to react to the danger stimulus (i.e. removing a hand from a hot stove).

This article incorporates text in the public domain from page 753 of the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)