Anthony Buller (1613–1679) was an English soldier and politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1659 and 1660.
He was governor of the Scilly Isles after they were surrendered by Francis Godolphin in 1647 until 1648 when he was captured in the Royalist revolt.
He was held prisoner but treated with special kindness as a "gallant soldier".
He served in the Western Design, an expedition to the West Indies during the Anglo-Spanish War (1654–1660).
He raised 300 men for the defence of the Scilly Isles during the Second Dutch War, and was given a newly built Sloop HMS Portsmouth.