Zhang Zuolin Wu Peifu Fengtian Armies The Anti-Fengtian War (Chinese: 反奉战争; pinyin: Fǎnfèng zhànzhēng) was the last major civil war within the Republic of China's northern Beiyang government prior to the Northern Expedition.

The result of the Second Zhili–Fengtian War had led to the creation of a provisional executive government in Beijing in November 1924, where an informal triumvirate formed by Fengtian's Zhang Zuolin, the Guominjun's Feng Yuxiang and the Anhui clique's Duan Qirui had ruled.

As such, the power sharing arrangement between the two was destined to fail: Zhang was a monarchist backed by Japan, whereas Feng dabbled with radical politics, Christianity and revolutionary idealism all with Soviet support.

Seething at Feng's earlier betrayal during the Beijing Coup, Wu sealed an alliance with Zhang in November.

During an artillery attack on Guominjun forces civilians were killed, leading to protests in Beijing and the March 18 Massacre.

[3] In April 1926, in order to appease the Zhili clique, the Guominjun released the deposed ex-president Cao Kun, who had been put under arrest by Feng in 1923.

In the end they resorted to a string of short-lived and powerless interim cabinets; however, with the Zhili clique decimated, Zhang personally took charge of the government as a dictator.

The remainder of the Guominjun which held out northwest of Beijing would fold into the National Revolutionary Army as the KMT advanced.