Arnaud de Gramont

Count Antoine Alfred Arnaud Xavier Louis de Gramont (21 April 1861 – 31 October 1923) was a French aristocrat with an interest in minerals, geology, and was a pioneer of spectroscopy.

He conducted studies on pyroelectricity and dissociation spectroscopy in which he used an electric spark going through a mineral sample as a source to examine spectra.

Her husband, Charles de Choiseul, Duke of Praslin was believed guilty for her death and committed suicide while awaiting trial.

From 1894 he began to experiment in spectroscopy and developed a direct approach to analysis of minerals using an induction coil to generate sparks within which a sample was placed.

He developed the technique further using capillary tubes of samples fused with salts.