After Charles II died in 1431, Antoine attacked the new Duke, René of Anjou, defeating and capturing him at the Battle of Bulgnéville, on 1 July 1431.

[1] A decade of negotiation followed, since Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor was unwilling to recognise Antoine as Duke, pronouncing for René in 1434.

[2] Ultimately, Antoine gave up his claim on the Duchy of Lorraine, by a treaty of 27 March 1441.

In return, Antoine's County of Vaudémont was recognised as independent, and his son Frederick bethrothed to the Duke's daughter Yolande of Lorraine.

Antoine was the son of Frederick I of Lorraine, Count of Vaudémont and Margaret of Joinville.