Count Anton Günther I was the son of the Count Christian Günther I of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen (1578-1642) and his wife Countess Anna Sibille (1584-1623), daughter of Count Albert VII of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt.
After his father's death, he and his brothers Louis Günther II and Christian Günther II divided Schwarzburg-Sondershausen.
In 1657, the parish and school buildings burned down; he rebuilt those as well.
Anton Günther I married on 29 October 1644 with Mary Magdalene (1622-1689), a daughter of Count Palatine George William of Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld.
They had the following children: This article about a member of the German nobility is a stub.