Aquilonia is a town and comune in the province of Avellino, part of the Campania region of southern Italy.

It is situated in mountainous terrain in the eastern part of the province, at an elevation of 750 metres (2,460 ft).

The Lombards called the town Carbonara or Carunar, supposedly because a major local occupation was charcoal making.

On 23 July 1930 a major earthquake destroyed the town, and it was rebuilt at a higher location nearby.

Located in the eastern side of the province, close to Basilicata, Aquilonia borders with the municipalities of Bisaccia, Calitri, Lacedonia, Melfi, Monteverde and Rionero in Vulture.