It is a large freshwater carp found in Western Asia, where it inhabits the Tigris–Euphrates Basin, as well as Iranian rivers that flow into the Persian Gulf.

[4] The shabout supports important fisheries, but has declined because of habitat loss (mostly due to dams, water extraction, drought and pollution) and overfishing.

They breed in upstream parts of rivers, generally in places with relatively cool and fast-flowing waters, a depth of no more than 1.5 m (4.9 ft) and a gravel bottom.

They also feed at lower levels on invertebrates and small fish, with one study suggesting that individuals become more predatory as they reach a large size.

[citation needed] The shabout is an important target species for commercial fisheries which has been heavily overfished in some parts of its range for many years.