Archduke Wenceslaus of Austria (9 March 1561 – 22 September 1578), was a German prince and member of the House of Habsburg.

He was the son of Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor, and his wife, Maria of Spain.

Born in Wiener Neustadt, Wenceslaus was the eleventh child and eighth son of his parents' sixteen children.

He grew up mostly in the court of Philip II of Spain with several of his siblings.

In 1577, Wenceslaus was appointed Grand Prior of the Order of Malta in Castile, but died suddenly one year later in Madrid at age seventeen.