The women's individual archery event at the 1980 Summer Olympics was part of the archery programme.

The event consisted of a double FITA round.

For each round, the archer shot 36 arrows at each of four distances—70, 60, 50, and 30 metres.

[1] The gold medal went to Ketevan Losaberidze, the top Soviet archer of the 1970s.

The silver medal in Moscow went to her teammate, Natalya Butuzova, later the 1981 World Champion, and winner of the European Championship in 1980 and 1982.