[1] John Smith Archibald (1872–1934) first trained with local architect William Maclntosh in his home town of Inverness, Scotland.
In 1893 he emigrated to Canada and worked with Edward Maxwell in Montreal as a draughtsman and assistant.
In 1897 he formed a partnership with another former Maxwell draughtsman, Charles Jewett Saxe (1870–1943), which lasted until 1915.
Archibald's designs included a number of stations and hotels for the Canadian National Railway.
After the Canadian National Railway formed in 1920, he was the main architect, based in Montreal.