The settlement gradually acquired a few amenities in the late 1800s: a school in 1875, a Baptist church in 1876, and a post office in 1878.

The community was formally founded and renamed Argyle in 1881, after the Texas and Pacific railroad built a track through the area.

The town did boast several agriculture-related industries, such as grist mills, general stores, and a cotton gin.

Gradually the town grew in population as more people from the Dallas–Fort Worth area discovered its rural charm.

By the 1970s a number of retail establishments were located in Argyle, and the population reached 1,575 in 1990, and doubled from that figure to 3,282 at the 2010 census.

The high rate of growth is expected to continue as part of the general development of northern areas in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex.