Aries (constellation)

Aries is now recognized as an official constellation, albeit as a specific region of the sky, by the International Astronomical Union.

[5] In the description of the Babylonian zodiac given in the clay tablets known as the MUL.APIN, the constellation, now known as Aries, was the final station along the ecliptic.

[6] Although likely compiled in the 12th or 11th century BC, the MUL.APIN reflects a tradition that marks the Pleiades as the vernal equinox, which was the case with some precision at the beginning of the Middle Bronze Age.

The earliest identifiable reference to Aries as a distinct constellation comes from the boundary stones that date from 1350 to 1000 BC.

The shift in identification from the constellation as the Agrarian Worker to the Ram likely occurred in later Babylonian tradition because of its growing association with Dumuzi the Shepherd.

The exact timing of this shift is difficult to determine due to the lack of images of Aries or other ram figures.

[7] In ancient Egyptian astronomy, Aries was associated with the god Amun-Ra, who was depicted as a man with a ram's head and represented fertility and creativity.

[8] During the times of the year when Aries was prominent, priests would process statues of Amon-Ra to temples, a practice that was modified by Persian astronomers centuries later.

Aries acquired the title of "Lord of the Head" in Egypt, referring to its symbolic and mythological importance.

[14] Helle fell off of Aries's back in flight and drowned in the Dardanelles, also called the Hellespont in her honour.

The Sun now appears in Aries from late April through mid-May, though the constellation is still associated with the beginning of spring.

However, some Islamic celestial globes depicted Aries as a nondescript four-legged animal with what may be antlers instead of horns.

The brightest stars—Alpha, Beta, and Gamma Arietis—formed a constellation called 'Lou',variously translated as "bond" or "lasso" also "sickle", which was associated with the ritual sacrifice of cattle.

This name was shared by the 16th lunar mansion, the location of the full moon closest to the autumnal equinox.

Delta and Zeta Arietis were a part of the constellation Tianyin (天陰), thought to represent the Emperor's hunting partner.

Zuogeng (左更), a constellation depicting a marsh and pond inspector, was composed of Mu, Nu, Omicron, Pi, and Sigma Arietis.

[8] In a similar system to the Chinese, the first lunar mansion in Hindu astronomy was called "Aswini", after the traditional names for Beta and Gamma Arietis, the Aswins.

Because the Hindu new year began with the vernal equinox, the Rig Veda contains over 50 new-year's related hymns to the twins, making them some of the most prominent characters in the work.

[17] In Hebrew astronomy Aries was named "Taleh"; it signified either Simeon or Gad, and generally symbolizes the "Lamb of the World".

The Marquesas islanders called it Na-pai-ka; the Māori constellation Pipiri may correspond to modern Aries as well.

It was called the "Market Moon" and the "Kneeling Terrace", as a reminder of when to hold the annual harvest festival, Ayri Huay.

[17] Aries has three prominent stars forming an asterism, designated Alpha, Beta, and Gamma Arietis by Johann Bayer.

Its traditional name is derived from the Arabic word for "lamb" or "head of the ram" (ras al-hamal), which references Aries's mythological background.

Its traditional name is derived from "sharatayn", the Arabic word for "the two signs", referring to both Beta and Gamma Arietis in their position as heralds of the vernal equinox.

The primary, γ1 Arietis, is an Alpha² Canum Venaticorum variable star that has a range of 0.02 magnitudes and a period of 2.607 days.

It was likely ejected from the Orion Nebula approximately five million years ago, possibly due to supernovae.

It is an annual shower associated with the Marsden group of comets that peaks on 7 June with a maximum zenithal hourly rate of 54 meteors.

[54] The Jodrell Bank Observatory discovered the Daytime Arietids in 1947 when James Hey and G. S. Stewart adapted the World War II-era radar systems for meteor observations.

[59] HD 12661, like HIP 14810, is a G-type main sequence star, slightly larger than the Sun, with two orbiting planets.

[61] In 2019, scientists conducting the CARMENES survey at the Calar Alto Observatory announced evidence of two Earth-mass exoplanets orbiting Teegarden's star, located in Aries, within its habitable zone.

Aries and Musca Borealis as depicted in Urania's Mirror , a set of constellation cards published in London c. 1825
Aries depicted in an early medieval manuscript, c. 1000
The constellation Aries as it can be seen with the naked eye
NGC 772, with a notated supernova