Around 25 astronomers are based at the observatory, studying stellar astrophysics, the Sun, Solar System astronomy and Earth's climate.

In 2018, Armagh Observatory was recognized for having 224 years of unbroken weather records.

One of the observatory's directors, Thomas Romney Robinson invented the cup anemometer, a device for measuring wind speed.

[1] In modern times the Observatory along with the nearby Planetarium and 14-acre Astropark are noted tourist attraction and education centre.

The gardens, historical telescopes, and various astronomically related devices such as sundials are among some of the exhibits for visitors.

The Human Orrery, launched in 2004, is located close to the main Observatory building.

[7] The telescope was manufactured in London, and is noted for its late 18th century brass metal work.