The obverse of the medal bears a demi-torch, as held by the Statue of Liberty, with rays radiating from behind the torch.

The reverse bears the eagle found on the United States Department of Defense seal.

[4] The AFSM may be awarded to service members who, on or after June 1, 1992:[5] The term "significant activity" is determined by theater commanders and is normally deemed to be participation in a U.S. military operation considered to hold a high degree of scope, impact, and international significance that the operation warrants the presentation of a permanent service medal.

[5] One award of the Armed Forces Service Medal is authorized for each designated military operation.

As an exception to Department of Defense policy, the Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal and the Armed Forces Service Medal may be awarded concurrently for Operations Joint Guard and Joint Endeavor.