Over time, a few additional cases of individuals born with congenital arrhinia, some with accompanying eye defects and others without, were reported in medical literature from the early to mid-1900s.

[4] Dr. James Bosma, a pediatrician and researcher associated with the National Institute of Dental Health, made a significant observation while studying these patients.

These patients presented with congenital arrhinia, eye defects, and genital abnormalities, such as a small penis and undescended testes at birth, with no spontaneous sexual maturation.

[4] Treatment focuses on identifying the nature of the anomalies through various imaging methods, including MRI and CAT scan, and surgical correction to the extent possible.

[2] In severe cases, temporary airway devices, such as tracheostomy tubes, may be utilized to facilitate breathing until surgical intervention is deemed appropriate.

A horizontal arm connects the two sides, and then the maxilla is carefully fractured, creating a wide median nasal cavity that extends to the upper portion of the rhinopharynx.