[1] Born in São Paulo but raised in Cajuru,[2] Arthur Elias began his career in 2006, with the women's team of the University of São Paulo, after previously studying in the university and working in women's futsal.

[4] In 2010, after two seasons in charge of Nacional, Arthur Elias joined Centro Olímpico as a supervisor, and became the manager of the women's team in the following year.

[7] Ahead of the 2018 season, as Corinthians opted to reactivate their own women's side, he was named as their manager.

[8] On 18 December 2019, after winning the 2019 Copa Libertadores Femenina, Arthur Elias renewed his contract for the 2020 season.

On 1 September 2023, Arthur Elias was announced as the new head coach of the Brazil women's national team, replacing Pia Sundhage; he also announced that he would remain at Corinthians until the end of the 2023 Copa Libertadores Femenina.