He founded Pequot Capital Management and served as the chief executive officer, president and chairman of the company.

[2] After graduating high school in 1958,[3] he studied Aeronautics and Astronautics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).

He earned his undergraduate degree in 1962 and worked at Lockheed Missiles and Space Company for three years as a satellite control systems engineer in Palo Alto, California.

He became interested in the stock market and enrolled in the business school at Columbia University, earning his M.B.A. in 1967.

[2][5] Samberg began his career in the investment industry as an analyst at Kidder, Peabody & Co. in New York City.

[4] He later assumed a partner role, and he additionally served on the management committee during his last five years with the firm.

[6] In 1985, he became a founder and the president of Dawson–Samberg Capital Management, Inc., in Southport, Connecticut, where the following year they established the first Pequot hedge fund.

[3][7] In 1999, Samberg spun out his funds into the newly formed Pequot Capital Management, where Daniel C. Benton joined him as co-founder.

[14] In May 2010, Pequot and Samberg resolved this matter by agreeing to a settlement whereby, without admitting or denying the allegations, Pequot and Samberg consented to be permanently enjoined from violating the anti-fraud provisions of the federal securities law and to pay disgorgement, prejudgment interest, and civil money penalties.

He also served on the national board of directors of the Network For Teaching Entrepreneurship and as senior chair of the Wall Street and Financial Services Division of the United Jewish Appeal.

[11] In 2016, Samberg donated $50 million to Blue Meridian Partners, a collaboration led the Edna McConnell Clark Foundation that plans to invest at least a billion dollars over the following decade towards proven charities to benefit children.

In July 2019, the center broke ground on the Rebecca and Arthur Samberg Building, a 27,000-square-foot (2,500 m2) facility for the education of children under 12 years old.