As a player and manager, he was most associated with Braga, where he spent all but one season of his playing career and coached several of its teams, including two spells with the main squad and winning the Taça da Liga in 2023–24.

On 24 May 1998, he captained the side in the Taça de Portugal final, a 3–1 loss to FC Porto, in which he was booked after ten minutes for a foul on Ljubinko Drulović.

[15] His first season back at the Estádio Municipal de Braga was the best in the club's history for points (78), wins (25) and goals (75), as they beat Sporting CP to third place and a return to the UEFA Champions League for the first time in 11 years;[16] his team lost the national cup final on 4 June to Porto, whose manager Sérgio Conceição was an opponent in the fixture of the same outcome 25 years earlier.

[17] On 20 September 2023, Artur Jorge made his Champions League debut in a 2–1 group stage defeat at home to SSC Napoli.

[20] The following 27 January, his team won the Taça da Liga by defeating G.D. Estoril Praia in the final on penalties after a 1–1 draw in Leiria.

[21] On 3 April 2024, Artur Jorge became head coach of Campeonato Brasileiro Série A side Botafogo de Futebol e Regatas, who paid €2 million to acquire his services.

[24] On 30 November 2024, Artur Jorge led his team to win in the Copa Libertadores, defeating fellow Brazilians Clube Atlético Mineiro 3–1 in spite of playing more than 90 minutes with one player less.

[25] The following month, he gave them their third national title in history, totalling six more points than the previous back-to-back champions SE Palmeiras.