Ascensión Esquivel Ibarra (10 May 1844 – 15 April 1923) was a Nicaraguan-born President of Costa Rica from 1902 to 1906.

After his presidential term, he served as the president of the Supreme Court of Costa Rica from 1917 to 1920.

He first ran for the presidency in 1889 but was defeated by José Joaquín Rodríguez.

His government had to assume a nation with a still weak and little developed economy; however, his government managed to advance the development of the railroad to the Pacific and the establishment of the lyrics of the national anthem.

This article about a Costa Rican politician is a stub.