Sayyid Ashraf 'Ali Khan Bahadur (Bengali: আশরাফ আলী খান; before 1759 – 24 March 1770), was Nawab Nazim of Bengal and Bihar.

He was the fourth son of Mir Jafar.

On 11 March 1770, he was proclaimed as Nawab Nazim of Bengal and Bihar on the death of his elder brother Najabat Ali Khan.

He was formally installed on the Khahar Balish, at Murshidabad Fort, 21 March 1770.

But shortly he died of smallpox, at Murshidabad Fort, 24 March 1770.