[1] Curzon was the second son of Sir Nathaniel Curzon, 4th Baronet, of Kedleston, Derbyshire, and Mary, daughter of Sir Ralph Assheton, 2nd Baronet.

In the latter year he was raised to the peerage as Baron Curzon, of Penn in the County of Buckingham, and in 1802 he was further honoured when he was made Viscount Curzon, of Penn in the County of Buckingham.

In 1752 Curzon acquired Hagley Hall, Rugeley, in Staffordshire, remodelling the house and redesigning the grounds.

In 1760 he built Penn House near Amersham in Buckinghamshire, replacing an earlier Tudor building with a red brick country mansion.

He is buried in the church at Penn, Buckinghamshire, with a monument sculpted by Francis Chantrey.