Association of Political Organisations of the Indonesian People

It was established in December 1927 in Bandung, driven mainly by the Indonesian National Party (PNI), led by prominent nationalist Sukarno.

It brought together the "non-cooperative" parties such as the PNI and Indonesian Islamic Union Party (PSII), which had refused to work with the Dutch colonial authorities, with the "cooperative" organisations that had taken seats in the Volksraad quasi-legislature such as Paguyuban Pasundan and Budi Utomo.

Under its rules, designed to ensure that the views of minorities were respected, all decisions had to have the unanimous support of all member organisations.

As the members were unable to work together, it achieved very little, although it opposed colonial labor laws.

[3][4] In 1933, the Dutch authorities refused permission for the PPPKI to hold its annual conference, and although it was not officially dissolved, the organisation had ceased to exist by the end of 1934.