Astaroth

Astaroth (also Ashtaroth, Astarot and Asteroth), in demonology, is considered to be the Great Duke of Hell in the first hierarchy with Beelzebub and Lucifer; he is part of the evil trinity.

The name Astaroth was ultimately derived from that of 2nd millennium BC Phoenician goddess Astarte,[1] an equivalent of the Babylonian Ishtar, and the earlier Sumerian Inanna.

[1] The name "Astaroth" as a male demon is first seen in The Book of Abramelin, purportedly written in Hebrew c. 1458, and recurred in most occult grimoires of the following centuries.

Astaroth also features as an archdemon associated with the qlippoth (adverse forces) according to later Kabbalistic texts, as he rules over the qlippa of Jupiter, known as Gha'agsheblah.

To others, he teaches mathematical sciences and handicrafts, can make men invisible and lead them to hidden treasures, and answers every question formulated to him.

The "Star of Astoroth" features prominently in the 1971 Disney film Bedknobs and Broomsticks, where it takes the form of a magical medallion.

Astaroth illustration from the Dictionnaire Infernal (1818)
Seal of Astaroth, as depicted in The Lesser Key of Solomon