Astyanax bourgeti is a small species of freshwater fish native to the upper Amazon river in Brazil.

Astyanax bourgeti was originally described by German-American ichthyologist Carl H. Eigenmann in 1908, as one of various nomenclatural acts performed based upon the Thayer Expedition to Brazil, which was an 1865 trip directed by Swiss-American biologist Louis Agassiz.

[7] The specific name "bourgeti" is to honor the collaborator responsible for collecting the type specimens, a French naturalist living in Rio de Janeiro simply credited as "Monsieur Bourget" in the original description and as "D. Bourget" in the accounts of the original voyage to Brazil.

[9][10] Astyanax bourgeti lacks a common name, but is one of various small fishes referred to as "sardinita" in Spanish and "piaba" in Portuguese.

Its channels have not demonstrated high amounts of movement, as they are held in by the cliffs of the Alter do Chão Formation.

[1] The Brazilian ecological organization Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation gave it a data deficient listing in 2014 due to its generally understudied nature.

[12] There is already security for the species, however, in the form of the Central Amazon Conservation Complex, which has its approximate center at the confluence of the Solimões and Negro rivers.