The competition had two rounds, qualifying and a final, which were held on 14 and 16 October respectively at the Estadio Olímpico Universitario in Mexico City.

The event was won by Bob Seagren of the United States, the nation's 16th consecutive victory in the men's pole vault.

The United States made its 16th appearance, the only nation to have competed at every Olympic men's pole vault to that point.

Athletes who successfully jumped the qualifying height 4.90 m (16 ft 3⁄4 in) progressed to the final round.

Key With three men tied at 5.40 metres, the countback rules determined the medals.