Athletics events at the 2006 South American Games were held at the Centro Nacional de Alto Rendimiento Deportivo in Buenos Aires, Argentina, between November 10–12, 2006.

410 athletes from 11 countries (all CONSUDATLE members except Panamá and Suriname) were reported to participate at the South American Under-23 Championships.

[3] However, an unofficial count through the result lists[3] resulted only in 266 participating athletes: There is no hint on participation of athletes from Aruba and Netherlands Antilles (ODESUR members, but not CONSUDATLE members).

Medal winners for the South American Games were published in a book written by Argentinian journalist Ernesto Rodríguez III, with the support of the Argentine Olympic Committee (Spanish: Comité Olímpico Argentino) under the auspices of the Ministry of Education (Spanish: Ministerio de Educación de la Nación), and in collaboration with the Office of Sports (Spanish: Secretaría de Deporte de la Nación).

[5] Medal winners for the South American Under-23 Championships[2][6] as well as detailed results[3][7][8][9] were also published.